The three 401(k) annuities described here differ in their pre-retirement crediting mechanisms, their flexibility for the owners, and in the scope of their guarantees. (This article includes current map of 401(k) income option universe, from DCIIA.)

Enjoy these summaries of six recent research papers that illuminate issues in retirement today. We include work by leading retirement researchers at Harvard Law School, schools of business at Stanford and Duke Universities, and other major academic institutions.

Short-sellers, including hedge funds, sense that the bespoke loans that asset managers have sold to life insurers could fail in the next financial crisis. They may not know it, but the shorts are responding in part to the growth of what RIJ calls the 'Bermuda Triangle' strategy.