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DST Systems buys Newkirk Products

DST Systems has acquired Newkirk Products, Inc. for undisclosed terms. Newkirk, an industry leader in the developer and deployer of communications, education, and investment information for companies in the retirement planning, managed care, and wealth management industries, will be a unit of DST’s Output Solutions Segment

Newkirk, which will retain its brand identity, has 40 years’ experience solving communication issues of financial institutions and professional firms focusing on 401(k), 457, 403(b), money purchase and profit sharing plans. It has operations in New York, Oregon, New Jersey and Minnesota.

Newkirk’s on-demand publishing and marketing solutions are expected to complement DST Output’s transactional and digital fulfillment solutions, making it easier for companies to communicate to customers across print, mobile, and electronic channels. It also enables clients of DST Retirement Solutions to access Newkirk’s communication and education materials, financial planning tools and plan documents.

DST provides information processing and computer software products and services to the mutual fund, investment management, insurance and healthcare industries. It also provides integrated print and electronic statement and billing output solutions through a wholly owned subsidiary.


“Social Security Timing” Software Unveiled

Senior Market Sales, Inc., an Omaha-based insurance marketing organization, has introduced its Social Security Timing™ software, which helps married retirees maximize their Social Security benefits.   

Social Security Timing™ has two components. The first is the free “What’s at Stake?” consumer calculator, which shows the best and worst possible Social Security election decisions. It also shows their top three election strategies and prompts them to consult an advisor. The second component is the Social Security Timing™ software that financial advisors can purchase to use with their clients.

The Social Security Timing™ Software and the free “What’s at Stake?” calculator are available for review at www.SocialSecurityTiming.com.  

“Whether to elect Social Security early or late is a decision virtually every retiree is faced with,” said Joe Elsasser CFP, Director of Advisory Services for Senior Market Sales and the software’s creator. “Social Security Timing™ is the only software in the marketplace that simultaneously calculates all whole year election age combinations across nine possible election strategies in order to identify the strategy that offers the highest lifetime benefit.”

Senior Market Sales is a full-service IMO. Joe Elsasser, CFP, is an Omaha-based independent financial advisor.

 

Longevity Awareness Expands Retirement Income Opportunities: Conning

The transfer of longevity risk creates a tremendous growth opportunity for insurers who develop and distribute retirement income products. However, profitable growth depends on managing the risks associated with these products, according to a new study by Conning Research & Consulting.

“The life industry has grown significantly during the past two decades by helping individuals accumulate retirement assets,” said Scott Hawkins, analyst at Conning Research & Consulting.

“However, Baby Boomers are increasingly concerned about outliving their accumulated assets as they near or enter retirement. At the same time, pension plan sponsors are concerned about managing their assets to meet their obligations to current and future retirees as life spans increase. The longevity risk concerns of both individuals and groups represent significant premium growth opportunities for insurers over the medium term.”

The Conning Research study, “Expanding Retirement Income Opportunities for Insurers: Managing Increased Longevity Risk” identifies and quantifies growth opportunity for insurers that provide retirement income products that manage longevity risk. It explores key longevity and investment risks to profitable growth that insurers face as they develop this opportunity and how insurers could manage these risks.

“This transfer of longevity risk creates a tremendous growth opportunity for insurers who develop and distribute retirement income products,” said Stephan Christiansen, director of insurance research at Conning. “Opportunities can be developed from exploiting differences in mortality of specific populations or groups, from fluctuations in specific age cohorts along the mortality/longevity spectrum, or from providing solutions to mismatches between investment and payment durations. However, profitable growth for insurers offering these products also depends on developing effective solutions to challenges of product distribution and on successfully managing the broad-scale accumulation of longevity risk within the insurer’s own portfolio.”

“Expanding Retirement Income Opportunities for Insurers: Managing Increased Longevity Risk” is available for purchase by calling (888) 707-1177 or at www.conningresearch.com.


BNY Mellon to Acquire Wealth Management Business of Talon Asset Management

 BNY Mellon has agreed to buy the wealth management operations of Chicago-based Talon Asset Management, including more than $800 million in assets under management. Terms of the deal, which does not include the firm’s private equity and hedge fund businesses, were not disclosed and the sale is expected to close in the second quarter. 

Talon staff will become part of BNY Mellon and senior Talon principals Terry Diamond, Alan Wilson and Edwin Ruthman will assume leadership roles in the Chicago office.

The companies said the transaction offers several advantages to Talon clients, including:

  • Broader global asset management opportunities
  • Increased access to alternative investment opportunities
  • Enhanced technology and reporting capabilities
  • Expanded private banking and wealth planning services

BNY Mellon already employs nearly 450 people in the metropolitan area in an array of business units including asset servicing and treasury services.

 

Mutual of Omaha offers Mesirow Financial’s fiduciary service to plan sponsors         

Mutual of Omaha now offers a new plan-level fiduciary service option to its retirement plan customers in the form of Mesirow Financial’s investment manager service, which addresses plan sponsor needs under ERISA section 3(38) at the individual plan level.

The new offering, if selected by a plan sponsor, allows Mesirow Financial, an ERISA 3(38) Investment Manager, to select and monitor investment options for a plan. This solution expands and complements the existing 3(21) co-fiduciary service Mutual of Omaha has offered in conjunction with Mesirow Financial since 2007.

“Our new 3(38) investment manager solution provides more flexibility to broker-dealers and their advisors, addressing the Department of Labor’s proposed regulations expanding the definition of ‘fiduciary’ related to investment advice,” said Tim Bormann, 401(k) product-line director for Mutual of Omaha.

“Outsourcing investment selection and monitoring to Mesirow Financial provides an additional layer of protection to broker-dealers and their advisors and allows the advisor to focus on providing other value-added services to their clients. It also reduces the time commitment required by plan sponsors to meet their fiduciary obligations, allowing them to devote more time to running their business.”  

The most notable difference between the 3(21) and the 3(38) fiduciary services is that Mesirow Financial, through a menu-driven approach, provides advisors and plan sponsors with multiple investment line-ups to choose from under the 3(21) service; and with the 3(38) investment manager service, Mesirow Financial assumes full responsibility for developing investment guidelines and acts as the investment manager to the plan.        

Based in Chicago, Mesirow Financial is an independent, employee-owned financial services firm with more than 1,200 employees in the U.S. and London. The firm has capital of $299 million, revenues totaling $526 million for fiscal 2010 and $51.0 billion in assets under management, of which $24.3 billion are in currency and commodities as of the end of 2010.    

GAO study on 401(k) tax subsidy not accurate: ASPPA  

Brian Graff, executive director/CEO of The American Society of Pension Professionals & Actuaries (ASPPA) said the new GAO report, “Private Pensions: Some Key Features Lead to an Uneven Distribution of Benefits,” is wrong in asserting that the 401(k) system disproportionately benefit higher income workers.

“Simply put, the facts say otherwise,” Graff said in a release. He continued:

“Based on the IRS’ own data 74% of workers participating in defined contribution plans come from households making less than $100,000. Only 5 percent come from households making more than $200,000.

“When you measure who gets the tax benefits from these plans, the impact on moderate income workers becomes clearer. Households making less than $50,000 pay only 8 percent of all income taxes, but receive 30 percent of all the tax incentives associated with defined contributed plans. 

“In other words, for every dollar of income taxes paid by these workers they get almost four dollars back in tax incentives for these plans. That’s a good deal by any measure, and it shows that these tax incentives are effectively and efficiently targeted at low and moderate income families. The reason is these plans are subject to stringent nondiscrimination rules that are a part of the tax code and were designed by Congress to make sure these plans provide benefits fairly to everyone.

401(k) plans have proven to be incredibly successful at getting moderate income workers to save.

“According to the Employee Benefits Research Institute, over 70 percent of workers making between $30,000 and $50,000 save when covered by a workplace savings program, whereas less than 5 percent of those same workers save on their own when not covered by a plan. Of course, more does need to be done to expand retirement plan coverage, which is why ASPPA supports proposals, like the Auto-IRA proposal in the President’s budget that would give more workers access to these plans.”

 

Retirement plan sponsors can learn from Kraft Foods decision 

On April 11, the U.S. Court of Appeals, Seventh Circuit, reversed a lower court judgment for the defendants and remanded critical arguments in a 2006 class action lawsuit brought by plan participants accusing Kraft Foods of allowing the plan to incur high costs and generate insufficient gains.

The Seventh Circuit’s conclusions provide critical lessons for plan fiduciaries, according to Rick Unser, ERISA Risk Management consultant at Lockton Retirement Services:

No Decision is a Decision—If you decide to maintain the “status quo” in your plan, the courts and plaintiff attorneys will argue that you have made a fiduciary decision. If the status quo is deemed to be imprudent, you may be liable for any resulting damages to the plan.

Document Fiduciary Process—Critical in the reversal by the circuit court is that they were “not directed to any place in the record that identifies when defendants” made critical fiduciary decisions. This absence of documentation gave the court significant reservations and ultimately was a key influence in granting grounds for further consideration.

Benchmark Plan Fees—The plaintiffs argued that “prudent fiduciaries” would solicit competing bids for plan expenses “about once every three years.” The Seventh Circuit reversed the district court’s summary judgment and opined that because the plan fiduciaries had not received competing bids, the plaintiffs may pursue an excessive fee argument.

Can Not Rely Solely on Opinions of Consultants—The court also opined and cited several previous cases, that while engaging consultants was “certainly evidence of prudence,” their advice is not a get out of jail free card.

“As plaintiff’s attorneys and judges learn from both current and previous ERISA cases, the facts and determinations gleaned from such cases are also of significant importance to plan sponsors. Plan sponsors should be aware that by applying the analysis and rulings from the courts, they may lower their fiduciary risk profile and better meet their fiduciary responsibilities,” Lockton said in a release.


Mercer elevates “RetireTALK” site for plan participants

RetireTALK, an online video-based retirement planning and education campaign designed to motivate 401(k) plan participants, has been launched by Mercer, the retirement plan administrator.

The interactive website uses hypothetical personal retirement scenarios based on different ages and challenges to bring a “real world” relevance to retirement planning. The campaign launched in mid-April for Mercer’s clients and is also available to the public at www.retireTALK.com.

Participants watch a short video clip, they are prompted to respond to “simple but thought-provoking” questions and then hear retirement savings tips that apply to their own situations. This “watch > react > learn” technique is intended to make education more memorable and relevant to participants in each corresponding life stage, savings habit or age bracket.

The RetireTALK campaign has two-phases, each with its own theme: “Saving and spending habits” and “Fact or fiction.” Each phase will include new personal retirement scenarios, polls, tips, and planning calculators. The campaigns also use social media elements, such as a “Share It” feature and a “Tweet of the Week.”

RetireTALK was developed partly in reaction to key findings from the 2010 Mercer Workplace Survey.  

 

Huntington fixed annuity offers renewal rate protection 

The Huntington Investment Co., a unit of Huntington Bancshares Inc., launching a new fixed annuity this week that offers “a higher rate than many certificates of deposits, tax deferred interest earnings” and “allows customers to exit the product if renewal rates decrease by more than a half percent,” the company said in a release.

The Huntington SecureFore 7, issued by Forethought Life, is a seven-year fixed annuity contract that lets owners customer lock in a rate for three or five years.  

The rate is reset at the end of that term and annually afterwards. Customers can exit the contract with no penalty if the renewal rate drops more than a half percent below their base rate.

 

Allianz Unveils Behavioral Solutions to Challenges Financial Advisors Face with Clients

In its latest whitepaper, Behavioral Finance in Action, the Allianz Global Investors Center for Behavioral Finance offers new insights to empower both financial advisors and their clients to make better decisions.

 Released today, this revealing research piece was developed with leading academics to present strategies that address everyday psychological challenges in the financial advisor/client relationship.

“This paper offers academic insights that financial advisors can use to help their clients discriminate between wise intuitions and erroneous judgments.”

“Emotion and intuition play a critical role in people’s decision making, which may lead to systematic and predictable errors,” said Prof. Shlomo Benartzi of UCLA, an expert in behavioral finance and Chief Behavioral Economist of the Allianz Global Investors Center for Behavioral Finance. “This paper offers academic insights that financial advisors can use to help their clients discriminate between wise intuitions and erroneous judgments.”

Behavioral Finance in Action reflects the ideas and research of notable experts, presenting four timely problems faced by advisors and clients:

  • Investor paralysis – the psychological fallout from the financial crisis has caused investors to leave record amounts of cash on the sidelines
  • Lack of investor discipline – investors often buy high and sell low
  • A crisis of trust – the recent financial crisis has had a lasting impact on the bond of trust between financial advisors and their clients
  • The disinclination to save – inadequate savings is a chronic problem, not just for retirement but for other contingencies

The Center’s research asserts that these challenges are all products of the intuitive mind and, as such, can be addressed with techniques from the “behavioral toolbox”. For example:

To address investor paralysis, the paper recommends the “Invest More Tomorrow” strategy, where advisors invite clients to pre-commit to begin investing at a specific time in the future, and to agree on the size and frequency of subsequent periodic investments.

  • The “Ulysses Strategy” seeks to help advisors rein in a lack of investor discipline by encouraging clients to pre-commit to a rational investment plan in advance of large market movements.
  • Simple actions that demonstrate competence and display empathy could be the keys to regaining and maintaining the trust of clients. The paper lays out several basic actions – some of which are counterintuitive – that may help advisors regain the client trust that was battered by the financial crisis.
  • The Behavioral Time Machine, currently in development, seeks to bolster savings rates by connecting individuals with their future selves. Using age-progression software, this tool allows people to see images of themselves 30 years in the future and has been proven in studies to be effective at increasing savings rates.

 

Putnam Investments adds to retirement sales team

Putnam Investments today announced that it has hired two respected industry veterans for senior positions in defined-contribution sales and client relations. 

Michael R. Shamon will be responsible for Putnam’s internal defined-contribution sales team, working with advisors and consultants nationally to support the sales of Putnam’s full-service and investment-only retirement businesses.

Daniel E. McDermott will serve as relationship manager, focused on mid- to large-sized retirement plans.   

Shamon, who will report to National Sales Manager Jim Brockelman, joins Putnam from JPMorgan Asset Management in Boston, where he was Vice President, Client Advisor, in the firm’s Retirement Plan Services division.  McDermott joins Putnam from Prudential Retirement in Hartford, Connecticut, where he was Vice President, Relationship Management, responsible for managing relationships for some of the firm’s largest clients.

McDermott will report to Michael MacWade, Director of Defined Contribution Relationship Management.

Before joining JPMorgan, where he consulted with retirement plan sponsors on investment strategies, fiduciary coverage and maximization of retirement value, Shamon held several positions of increasing responsibility over a nine-year period with Putnam Investments/Mercer HR Services.  Earlier, he served as a Pension and TDA Coordinator for Harvard University and began his career as a defined-contribution plan administrator for NYL Benefit Services Company. 

A resident of Bedford, Massachusetts, Shamon holds a Bachelor of Arts degree in History from the Massachusetts College of liberal arts and an MBA degree from Nichols College. He also is a member of the Investment Management Consultants Association.   

McDermott joins Putnam from Prudential Retirement, where he was responsible for sales and relationship management for some of the firm’s largest clients. Prior, he held several positions of growing responsibility in a 14-year career with Putnam’s defined-contribution unit, including serving as Vice President and Regional 401(k) Sales Director for the Midwest Region. A resident of Franklin, Massachusetts, McDermott received a Bachelor of Science degree in Business Administration from Plymouth State University.

 

Seven more B-Ds to offer Allianz Retirement Pro VA

Seven new broker/dealers have added the Allianz Retirement Pro Variable Annuity to their fee-based advisory platforms, Allianz Life Insurance Co. of North America announced. 

The seven are Cambridge Investments, Advisor Group (representing Royal Alliance, SagePoint and FSC Securities), Commonwealth Financial Network and Valmark Securities. In the past, the product was available only through LPL Financial.

In addition, Allianz Life has added to the team supporting the product, led by Corey Walther, Head of Investment Relations and Fee-Based Distribution for Allianz Life Financial Services, LLC.

Since the end of January, Walther has partnered with Allianz Life’s Broker/Dealer Relationship Management Team to bring additional broker/dealers on board. Walther has also recruited professionals with wealth management experience to educate advisors about Retirement Pro. Recent additions include:

  • Jay Rosoff – Formerly with Allianz Global Investors, Rosoff will be responsible for the Northeast region.
  • Ryan Hurley – Most recently a Regional Vice President for Allianz Life, Hurley will be responsible for the West region.
  • Mike Nicola – Formerly a Senior Vice President of Fund Partner Relations for Allianz Life, Nicola will be responsible for the Central region.

Positions are currently being finalized for the Great Lakes and Southeast regions.

Financial services M&A to accelerate in 2011: PwC US

Growing confidence and pent-up demand should quicken the pace of mergers and acquisitions among financial services companies this year, according to the 4th fannual M&A analysis and outlook for the financial services sector, Positioning for Growth: 2011 U.S. Financial Services Insights, from PwC’s U.S. transaction services practice.

According to the publication:

  • Well-capitalized corporate buyers are seeking margin growth and the realization of synergies through strategic acquisitions that expand their footprint and product capabilities;
  • Private equity firms, which have been focused on improving existing portfolio companies, will play an increasingly significant role in financial services M&A, as the impetus to put capital to work is bolstered by the revival of the bond markets and a growing market appetite for leveraged deals;
  • Recent and prospective regulatory changes will drive small- and medium-sized banks to seek scale through acquisitions, creating significant M&A opportunities in 2011.

The value of announced financial services M&A deals rose to $50.9 billion in 2010 from $36.1 billion in 2009, but remained significantly below the $153.2 billion of deals announced in 2008, according to PwC. A total of 840 deals were announced in 2010, compared with 613 deals in 2009 (for which values were disclosed for 267 and 175 of the deals in 2010 and 2009, respectively).

Divestitures should drive a significant portion of deal activity in 2011. Large banks and insurance companies that need to bolster capital levels are divesting non-core operations and margin-dilutive subsidiaries.

In addition, regulatory changes such as the Volcker Rule, which restricts proprietary trading and certain investment management activities by banks, are likely to drive M&A activity in the asset management space as institutions consider divestitures to avoid restrictions imposed by the pending legislation.

Banking: Shifting Gears from Recovery to Growth

  • Investor confidence will increase as asset quality stabilizes and earnings improve. However, non-performing asset levels remain at worrisome levels and high-quality organic loan growth will remain a challenge in the near term, driving banks to seek growth opportunities via acquisition.
  • Large banks seeking to bolster capital levels and meet regulatory requirements stemming from significant recent regulatory changes are expected to continue to divest non-core operations and loss-making subsidiaries, attracting attention from both corporate and private equity investors.
  • Tightening margins from regulatory restrictions surrounding the permissibility and pricing of certain products and fees will force small- and medium-sized banks to seek consolidation opportunities in an effort to build scale and derive value from synergies.
  • FDIC-assisted bank transactions again played a prominent role in deal-making during 2010. However, while the number of FDIC-assisted deals increased in 2010, the institutions were smaller in size than in 2009. Recent activity indicates that the FDIC is offering less favorable deal terms and may be providing banks with more time to raise additional capital or seek suitable buyers.

Asset Management: Continued Deal-Making, Albeit at a Slower Pace

  • The recovery in the equity markets since early 2009 resulted in significant increases in management and performance fee income among asset managers, pushing valuations higher and encouraging greater M&A activity.
  • Divesture activity among asset managers is likely to increase due to financial reform regulations such as the Volcker Rule, although its immediate impact may be mitigated by the likelihood of a transitional period.
  • Most consolidation activity will involve small- to medium-sized asset managers, as pure-play firms seek greater cost efficiencies, expanded scale, new distribution channels and broader product offerings. Private equity funds, already prominent acquirers in alternative investments, are likely to continue to be active investors in this space.
  • Expect foreign buyers, particularly from Asia, to continue to play a key role in the U.S. asset management M&A space in 2011.

Insurance: Headwinds Face Insurers Seeking to Sell Operations

  • Despite expectations that insurance company deal-making would increase in 2010, activity remained slow, with many deals failing to close because of differences in valuation and doubts about the direction of regulatory and tax reform, especially since many of the rules resulting from the Dodd-Frank Act, such as those on systemic risk, are still being drafted.
  • Hesitancy in the insurance M&A market is expected to continue due to uncertainty surrounding legislative tax initiatives.  Obama Administration proposals relating to the insurance industry, such as health care reform and foreign proposals, could impede short term deal activity. Furthermore, the Neal Bill, which was introduced in prior years but never ultimately enacted, still appears to be a concern to investors.
  • Rather than seeking growth via acquisitions, insurers with excess capital may look to other options, such as funding stock buybacks, increasing dividend levels or deploying capital to build scale and operational efficiencies.
  • Excess capacity and a residual soft P&C market could result in increased consolidation of underwriters, especially in Bermuda, and potentially intensify interest in vertical acquisitions of managing general agencies, managing general underwriters or captive agents.

Non-Bank Financial Services Companies: Continuing to Drive Significant M&A Activity

  • Non-bank financial services companies, such as automobile financiers, commercial and consumer finance companies, broker-dealers, credit card companies and exchanges accounted for some of the year’s biggest deals. The $6.3 billion purchase of Chrysler Financial Corp. by TD Bank and the $3.3 billion acquisition of Americredit Corp. by General Motors Co. were two of the three largest financial services deals announced in 2010.
  • Total announced deal volume in 2010 among non-bank financial services companies increased 64 percent, to 242 deals, from 148 in 2009. The value of disclosed deals nearly doubled, from $10.8 billion in 2009 to $21.4 billion in 2010. Private equity firms played a growing role in this space, with the value of their deals reaching $1.9 billion in 2010, up from $22 million in 2009. The less onerous regulatory environment for many non-bank financial services companies, coupled with a continued need for capital, will continue to drive M&A activity in this sector in 2011.
  • Further consolidation is probable among stock exchanges, which are likely to pursue M&A opportunities in order to gain market share and generate cost synergies in a highly-competitive global marketplace.

PwC’s report, “Positioning for Growth: 2011 U.S. Financial Services M&A Insights,” is available online at http://www.pwc.com/ustransactionservices.

New MetLife GMIB Offers 6%

MetLife has introduced a new variable annuity rider, GMIB Max, with a higher roll-up and payout rate than its existing GMIB. The richer benefit is made possibly by tying it to a suite of risk-controlled investment options, according to Elizabeth Forget, a MetLife senior vice president. The death benefit has also been improved.

Prior to annuitization, contract owners of a VA with the GMIB Max rider can get a 6% compounded annual increase in the benefit base or withdraw up to 6% of the benefit base each year without affecting the benefit base. The roll-up and the payout on MetLife’s existing GMIB remain 5%.

MetLife feels comfortable enriching these features because contract owners must choose from among four “Protected growth” investment options designed to control risk in various ways. The options include:

  • AllianceBernstein Global Dynamic Allocation Portfolio. 
  • AQR Global Risk Balanced Portfolio.
  • BlackRock Global Tactical Strategies Portfolio.
  • MetLife Balanced Plus Portfolio, with an overlay sleeve sub-advised by PIMCO.

Contract owners can also invest in the Pyramis Government Income Portfolio.

“The GMIB is our core living benefit,” Forget said. “About two-thirds of our contract owners elect it. We think the GMIB has a better value proposition [than the guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefit, or GLWB]. We can offer the higher roll-up because each portfolio has forecasting methods or risk models that look at volatility and make adjustments to stay within a particular risk range. With the BlackRock fund, for instance, their model tells them to shift to cash when volatility is increasing.”

In 2010, MetLife sold about $18.3 billion worth of variable annuities, of which about two-thirds have the GMIB option. It allows contract owners to take income during retirement while maintaining the option to convert a protected floor value—the guaranteed benefit base—to an income annuity.   

GMIB Max is available for 1.00% of the benefit base as an annual charge deducted from the account value. Upon an optional step-up of the benefit base, the charge may increase up to a maximum of 1.50%, MetLife said in a release.

“EDB [Enhanced Death Benefit] Max complements GMIB Max since the benefit base is determined in the same manner under both riders. EDB Max is available for 0.60% of the benefit base for issue ages 69 or younger or 1.15% of the benefit base for issue ages 70-75 as an annual charge from the account value. Upon an optional step-up of the death benefit base, the charge may increase up to a maximum of 1.50%,” the release said.

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

Prudential, Edward Jones in VA distribution deal

Starting this week, the 12,000 fee-based advisors at Edward Jones can begin selling a low-cost version—the broker/dealer calls it an “O” share—of Prudential’s popular Premier variable annuity with the Highest Daily lifetime income option.

The agreement greatly expands the distribution reach of Prudential’s VA and gives Edward Jones’ independent advisors the option of offering their clients the nation’s top-selling VA product on a fee-based, rather than a commissioned basis.

In that respect, the agreement represents the ongoing adaptation of variable annuities to the independent advisory world and toward a lower, more client-friendly, cost structure.  The product has a seven-year surrender period, and a separate fee, based on the size of the premium, may be assessed for seven years, according to Prudential.

The Prudential Highest Daily GLWB option, with an annual fee of 95 basis points, offers a 5% annual roll-up in the benefit base, a minimum 200%-of-premium benefit base for those who defer income for 12 years, and a 5% annual payout for individuals starting at age 59½.

The HD option manages Prudential’s risk exposure in part by an automatic mechanism that moves client assets out of equities and into bonds when equity values fall. For more information see RIJ’s December 22, 2010 story, “Why Prudential Sells the Most VAs.” 

The new version of the Prudential product, called Prudential Premier Retirement, has only 13 asset allocation models as investment options instead of the 16 available on the B share, said Bruce Ferris, senior vice president, Prudential Annuities.

“There were certain models that Edward Jones did not feel were complementary to their buy-and-hold philosophy. They weren’t necessarily the riskiest ones,” he said, adding that the product won’t be sold exclusively by Edward Jones. “That’s to be determined,” Ferris said. “There are a number of other broker-dealers who are hoping to see how it works out at Edward Jones.”

Merry Mosbacher, principal, Insurance Marketing, at Edward Jones, said that Prudential’s VA now joins those of Hartford, John Hancock, Lincoln Financial, Pacific Life, Protective and SunAmerica on Edward Jones’ platform.

“Kudos to Prudential’s actuaries for helping develop this price structure,” she said. “This structure enables the advisors to optimize how the Highest Daily mechanism works.”

In the past, Edward Jones had sold primarily A share VAs, which have front-end loads and low ongoing insurance charges. But Prudential has never manufactured an A share product, in part because under that structure a clients’ account value would start out below the HD benefit base.

The account would therefore be less likely, at least at first, to post new high-water marks and capture the value of market growth. The new Prudential product has the low ongoing charges of an A share—the mortality and expense risk ratio starts at 85 basis points a year. But, as in a B share VA, no sales charge is deducted from the purchase premium.

As Edward Jones’ Tim Burke, vice president, Insurance Solutions, explained at the IRI Marketing conference in February, the independent broker-dealer wanted a low-cost VA that would suit its advisors’ fee-based compensation structure.

In 2010, Prudential sold $21.7 billion worth of variable annuities, according to LIMRA, or a market share of about 15%. MetLife sold $18.3 billion, Jackson National Life sold $14.7 billion, TIAA-CREF sold $13.9 billion (group variable annuities) and Lincoln Financial sold $9.0 billion.

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

A Month of SPIAs

Retirement Income Journal will focus on single-premium immediate annuities, or SPIAs, during the month of May.

Starting with today’s issue, which features a profile of New York Life’s immediate annuity business by Stan Luxenberg, we’ll devote four weeks of cover stories and features to these guaranteed retirement income vehicles.

We’ll bring you stories about price-shopping for SPIAs online, about the continuing growth of the Hueler IncomeSolutions SPIA platform and a variety of other pieces on income annuities.  

Why income annuities? Aren’t variable annuities more profitable and more exciting? We think income annuities are misunderstood and misrepresented, and that no retiree or advisor can afford to overlook the value of the mortality (or “survivorship”) credit that income annuities offer.

And, as you can see from today’s Data Connection chart, sales of SPIAs are trending upward, just as demographic trends suggest they should. Indeed, Chris Blunt, head of Retirement Income Security at New York Life, predicts a $100 billion-a-year market for SPIAs by 2021.

(As for variable annuities: RIJ will devote the month of July to variable annuities and their Guaranteed Lifetime Withdrawal Benefits, as we did last year.)

We noted above that income annuities are misunderstood. Consider, for example, a story by Brett Arends in last Saturday’s Wall Street Journal, titled “Retirement Income? Annuities Come Up Short.”

The illustration shows the long arms of (presumably) an insurance company executive (or is it a central banker?) pulling the metaphorical rug (a giant dollar bill) from under the cane and walker of a frail elderly couple.   

Now, praise for SPIAs in the Journal seems about as likely as praise for vegan cooking in a cattleman’s quarterly. Mr. Dow and Mr. Jones prefer equities.

To be sure, the article isn’t entirely unbalanced (although it front-loads the negative and back-loads the positive). Arends is right to say that today isn’t necessarily the right time to buy an income annuity, given the fact that interest rates have nowhere to go but up. (For that matter, some experts don’t think it’s not a good time to buy stocks or bonds either.)

But Arends does more than question the appropriate of a SPIA purchase today. By cherry-picking a couple of worst-case-scenarios, he perpetuates several out-of-date myths about income annuities.

First, the article compares income annuities to investments, and mocks the “paltry 3% a year” return for a 65-year-old who lives to age 82 or 85. But income annuities aren’t investments.  They’re insurance. And the big payoff comes if you live a very long time. Longevity insurance isn’t about investment returns. It’s about the value of risk pooling and relief from hoarding. 

The story warns about high costs—saying that insurers “pocket the first 5% of your investment as commission.” (Not necessarily.) It compares today’s SPIA payout rates to the payout rates of the mid-1980s, when interest rates were at historic highs. (Irrelevant.) It talks about SPIA’s vulnerability to inflation. (It’s not alone.) It says SPIAs let you “leave nothing to your heirs.” (Wrong.)

In our reporting this month, we’ll try to skewer these criticisms. We’ll explain ways to get the most out of SPIAs while avoiding the pitfalls. Even Arends offers a backhanded compliment to SPIA at the end of his article. He shows that alternative strategies—staying in cash, buying CDs, staying invested the stock market, or delaying retirement—are not strategies at all. 

Sure, anyone can buy the wrong SPIA at the wrong price at the wrong time. This month, we’ll talk about how to buy the right SPIA at the right price at the right time. 

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

Solving the SPIA compensation puzzle

Many of New York Life’s 11,000 agents were wary about selling income annuities. Agents feared that clients would resist any kind of annuities because of concerns about the high fees that are sometimes charged by variable annuities. But Christ Blunt says that agents were soon startled by the warm reaction that they got from many clients. “If you tell 65-year-old people that you can give them a paycheck for life, they love it,” he says.

Agents start by talking to clients about their desire for guaranteed income. A typical client might say that he has $2,500 a month in Social Security benefits and would like to have another $1,000 in guaranteed income.  The agent explains how an income annuity can fill the gap.

While most annuity sales have come from agents, banks have started to play a growing role. When savers grumble about the low yields on certificates of deposits, bank tellers refer them to advisors who can sell annuities.

In the past year, New York Life has been gaining a foothold among broker-dealers, signing agreements with Edward Jones and major wire houses. Brokers had been reluctant to sell the annuities because it was not clear how to compensate advisors. Many advisors typically charge a fixed annual fee, such as 1% of assets. If a client pulls $100,000 out of a portfolio and uses the cash to buy an annuity, the advisor’s income could fall by $1,000 a year. To get around the problem, New York Life now calculates the daily value of each client’s annuity contract. Advisors charge annual fees based on the (shrinking) present value of the annuity.   

“If I am in a fee-based account, how do you charge a fee on an income stream?” Blunt said.  “Every day we price an income annuity and we can tell you what it would cost you today. Say that you bought an annuity a month ago. We could tell you on any given day how much premium you would have to give us to replace the income stream that you already have. You are showing the present value of the remaining payments. It is the declining amount.”

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

A $100 Billion Market for SPIAs?

As recently as 2004, New York Life sold only $200 million of income annuities annually. But now the trickle of sales is turning into a steady stream. In 2010, sales totaled $1.9 billion, up 9% from the year before. In the first quarter of this year, the figure jumped 45% from the period a year ago. The gains are substantial in a total market of $7.9 billion.

The growth of income annuities is just beginning, predict Chris Blunt, New York Life’s executive vice president of Retirement Income Security. “In the next ten years, this will become a $100 billion market,” he said in a recent interview.

[In the third quarter of 2011, New York Life intends to introduce a product that could make that market even bigger: a deferred income annuity designed to let people in their 50s or younger buy future guaranteed income at a discount.]

As more baby boomers wake up to the need for safe sources of retirement income, Blunt (at left) expects this type of annuity to be a compelling product. Chris BluntRetirees can use income annuities to guarantee themselves enough income to maintain a desired lifestyle for life. The problem so far is that insurance agents and financial advisors have been reluctant to sell them. Commissions for selling income annuities (usually about 3.5% of premium) are low compared to variable annuities and indexed annuities. And clients have historically balked at the product’s inherently low liquidity.

If you’re relatively new to income annuities, here’s how they work. In a typical contract, a 70-year-old man (or couple) might give the insurance company $100,000 and get a fixed annual income for life.

The longer the client lives, the greater the effective return on the initial “investment.” (Income annuities are insurance, not investments, and a widespread misunderstanding of the difference is an obstacle to greater acceptance.) But if the client dies in the first year or two—and if the client hasn’t taken the precaution of stipulating a minimum payout period or of setting aside a legacy—heirs may feel cheated because they have no access to the income or principal.

New York Life, the world’s largest mutual insurance company with some $16 billion in reserves, has to some degree overcome resistance to income annuities with a marketing campaign that emphasizes the value of lifetime income. To explain the value of income annuities, agents contrast them with portfolios of mutual funds, Blunt said.

Blunt cites the example of a 65-year-old man with a $500,000 portfolio that has 42% of assets in equities and 58% in bonds. Each year the retiree withdraws a total that is equal to 4.5% of the initial value of the portfolio. Based on market history, there is a 25% chance that the portfolio will be exhausted by the time the retiree reaches 92. New York Life Ad

He compares this with a portfolio that has 43% of assets in equity, 17% in bonds, and 40% in income annuities. Thanks to the lifetime guarantee on the annuity income, there’s little chance that any combination of planned withdrawals or market downturns will exhaust the second portfolio before the investor dies, so the investor is more likely to have money left for heirs than if he did not have an annuity. Blunt’s example also punctures one of the myths about income annuities: that you have to devote all your savings to it. 

Annuities can deliver higher income because their payment stream includes interest, principal, and—most importantly—the “survivorship benefit.” In a $100,000 portfolio of mutual funds, an investor might safely withdraw $4,500 in the first year. But if the investor puts $100,000 into a life annuity, the annual payout would be about $8,000.

The income is high because of that survivorship benefit. When contract owners die, their remaining principal goes to the insurance company, which uses it to pay other contract owners in the same age-pool. (Of course, actuaries calculate the payouts in advance, before any of the contract owners has died, and there’s a survivorship factored into every payment.)

To alleviate client concerns about losing access to their money, New York Life has been offering liquidity riders. A cash-refund rider, for instance, promises the client and the heirs a return of at least the original principal. Say a client pays $100,000, receives $8,000 income the first year, and then dies. Heirs would get a check for $92,000.

But the cash refund riders are not cheap, because you’re giving up the survivorship credit. In a recent quote, a 70-year-old female who took a plain-vanilla contract got $7,760 a year. With the cash refund feature, the contract only provided $7,071.

Blunt says that New York Life gained a leadership position in income annuities because the company has fastidiously fine-tuned the product. “We have spent five years trying to figure out how to market and position these products,” he says. “For most of our competitors, this is not a core business.”

For insurance companies, income annuities are not highly profitable because they require substantial capital, says Blunt. As a result, they may not be ideal products for publicly-held insurers—such as MetLife and Prudential Financial—which must maximize profits.

But income annuities can be attractive for mutual companies like New York Life, which seeks to deliver steadily growing profits. Unlike many publicly held insurance companies, New York Life came through the financial crisis in good shape. Today’s low interest rates aren’t necessarily good news for sales, but income annuities rates are tied to long-term bond yields rather than short-term yields.

New York Life is unusually well equipped to cope with longevity risk exposure—the danger that life expectancies will surge unexpectedly, perhaps because cancer or other diseases are cured. If that happened, the company would have to pay out far more lifetime income than planned.

But New York Life’s losses would be balanced by gains on the life insurance side. In an era of greater longevity, the company’s life insurance business would pay out less in claims, making the two products complementary. Many competing insurers could not offset the losses because they focus on variable annuities or other businesses that do not benefit from greater longevity.

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

Pershing positions itself as source for retirement-oriented advisors

Pershing has decided that it’s time to jump on the retirement bandwagon in a big way.

The BNY Mellon unit has expanded its shelf of retirement tools in hopes of becoming advisors’ go-to source for information on helping affluent Boomers figure out what to do with the billions of dollars that they’re rolling over from employer plans to IRAs.

In a release, the global clearing-and-execution firm has set up a website, Retirement PowerPlay, to provide “educational content, a dedicated online destination that provides financial professionals with educational content, tools and comprehensive strategies to help them grow their retirement businesses.”

With the help of Mercatus, LLC,  Pershing has produced a “call-to-arms” report for advisors who have not yet heard of the value of positioning themselves as experts in the area of retirement planning.

The call-to-arms is called The Secret Knock: Unlocking the Retirement Opportunity. It points out, as others have been doing for several years now, that hundreds of billions of dollars—Money in Motion—will be looking for a new home every year from now until the last affluent Boomer investor or small business owner retires—and probably beyond.

The key for advisors is to be perceived as the “Retirement Solutions Provider.”

Based on a propriety survey of 2,086 investors (average age 56, average investable assets, $823,000) and 401 successful small business owners, Pershing’s report asserts that “when the financial professional and firm are considered by their clients to be their primary Retirement Solutions Provider (referred to as the RSP), they can gain significantly more assets. In particular, RSPs see gains in the capture of retirement MIM [money in motion] assets from 45% to 81% and share of wallet gains from 50% to 76%.

Based on survey data, the report claims that financial professionals at broker-dealers are most likely to be perceived as RSPs by their clients, followed by financial professionals at banks, insurance companies, and 401(k) providers, and, last, by RIAs.

According to a Pershing statement, the new website, Retirementpowerplay.com, provides access to:

  • Power Plays Offers product-specific tips and techniques, tools and marketing resources for expanding retirement assets with Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs), Rollover IRAs, Roth IRA Conversions and Employer Sponsored Plans.
  • Premium Content Provides the latest retirement news headlines and articles from Dow Jones.
  • Retirement Tool Box Provides product-specific marketing resources including educational content and thought leadership.
  • IndustryWatch Keeps users up-to-date on the latest developments affecting the retirement marketplace.
  • Retirement Calculators Provides valuable tools for comparing IRAs, calculating required minimum distributions, performing Roth conversion analyses and evaluating other critical retirement decisions.
  • Share Your Best Practices Blog Helps financial professionals share best practices, exchange ideas and capture actionable tips for building their retirement businesses.

“Our research confirms that financial professionals who position themselves as retirement solutions providers capture significantly more assets than those not focused on the retirement discussion with their clients or this aspect of growing their businesses,” said Robert Cirrotti, director in product management and development at Pershing LLC, in a statement.

“Retirementpowerplay.com and our suite of retirement solutions are designed to help financial firms develop successful strategies to unlock this retirement opportunity and better serve their clients.”

New Symetra FIA tracks equities and/or commodities indices

Symetra Life Insurance Company has launched of Symetra Edge Pro, a new single-premium fixed indexed annuity (FIA) that offers a choice of two indexes—a large-cap stock index and a commodities index — as well as a fixed account option and guaranteed minimum value feature.

The product lets customers allocate money to accounts whose yields are based on the performance of the S&P 500 Index and the S&P GSCI Index. It is currently available through select banks and broker dealers.

 “This product design came out of discussions with our distribution partners who asked for a solution that offers their clients the opportunity to earn higher crediting rates than more traditional fixed products,” said Dan Guilbert, executive vice president of Symetra’s Retirement Division.

Symetra Edge Pro also has a guaranteed minimum value feature for customers who take no withdrawals for either the five-year or seven-year surrender charge periods, whichever applies. Guaranteed lifetime income options and a nursing home and hospitalization waiver also are available.

The product offers point-to-point and monthly average interest crediting methods, and five account options: S&P 500 Point-to-Point, S&P 500 Monthly Average, S&P GSCI Point-to-Point, S&P GSCI Monthly Average and Fixed Account. Funds may be allocated to one, two or all five accounts, and clients can transfer money between the Fixed Account and any indexed account(s) at the end of each one-year term.

New technology offers to help plan advisors meet fee disclosure rules

Castle Rock Innovations, LLC, a provider of technology-based solutions for the retirement industry, plans a May 2011 rollout for its new patent-pending AXIS Retirement Plan Analytic Platform, a servicing platform for the DOL mandated 408(b)(2) fee disclosure requirements.

A web-based software service, AXIS helps broker dealers, product manufacturers and third-party administrators support the new regulatory fee disclosure reporting requirements, providing coverage from brokerage platform to retirement plan platform and allowing advisors “to identify and establish plans outside the traditional turnkey environments.”

By providing a single view and the ability to manage reporting risks, the AXIS platform enables fiduciaries to handle the ongoing daily tasks of monitoring and reporting fees to plans. It is designed to service all retirement plan types through a single web-based interface and data repository, the company said.

According to Castle Rock’s release, the AXIS platform can interface with any system of record supporting retirement plan data feeds. It can edit and generate reports for filings and report plan expenses, allowing retirement plan managers and fiduciaries to view their business across multiple recordkeeping platforms. The AXIS Platform is scheduled for commercial release May 2011.

“The broker dealer community did not have a systemic capability to identify, collect and establish data from various partner systems for the purpose of managing plan level fee data and generating a comprehensive fee disclosure document for their plans. We also learned that many broker dealers are very concerned about identifying and tracking plans that are sold and serviced outside of the traditional manufacturer’s environment,” said Tom Loch, senior vice president of Castle Rock.

 “We focused our efforts within our servicing platform in its ability to collect and transform data into single data repository and to provide an interface for managing, collecting and reporting plan level fees from many system sources. Our second focus was to build the data processing engine necessary to track changes to fees and the work flow processes to report them efficiently based upon the 60 day reporting rule.”

Average annual cost of private nursing home room: $85,775

Long-term care (LTC) costs have continued to increase, but not as much as other goods and services, according to John Hancock Financial’s 2011 Cost of Care survey of 11,000 nursing homes, assisted living facilities and home health care agencies nationwide.

Based on John Hancock’s 2002, 2005, 2008, and 2011 Cost of Care Surveys, annual increases in the cost of care in various settings closely track the long-term average annual rate of inflation of 4.1%. Specifically, the average costs in 2011 for various services were:

  • For a private nursing home room ($235 a day/$85,775 annually), rising at 3.5% per year.
  • For a semi-private nursing home room ($207 a day/$75,555 annually) rising at 3.2% per year.
  • For an assisted living facility ($3,270 a month/$39,240 annually), rising at  has 3.4% per year.
  • For a home health aide ($20 hourly/$37,440 a year), rising at 1.3% a year.

LifePlans, Inc., of Waltham, Mass., conducted the survey for John Hancock.

One-third of HNW investors have itch to change advisors

Most high net worth investors work with an advisor, but they don’t necessarily intend to keep that advisor, especially if they have contact with that advisor only once a year or less. But they are more likely to be satisfied with their primary institution today than in 2009.

At the same time, the rich are feeling cautious. Twice as many of these wealthy investors described themselves as “conservative” in 2011 as did in 2009, and investors under age 45 say they are mattressing more than 40% of their money in cash or cash equivalents.

And, living comfortably in retirement is of greater concern to these investors than leaving a legacy or funding a child’s education.

These are some of the findings of Rebuilding Investor Trust, a recent survey of 1,290 U.S. investors with more than $100,000 in investable assets (besides home and retirement accounts) by Northstar Research Partners and Sullivan, a communications strategy and design firm. 

The survey showed that:

  • 64% of high net worth investors currently work with an advisor.
  • 43% are “very satisfied” with their primary financial institution (double the rate in 2009).
  • 51% claim to be “very satisfied with their advisor.
  • 36% says they consider moving assets from their primary institution, mainly to seek better investment performance.
  • 25% say they will consider moving assets away from their advisor in the next year, up significantly from 2009.
  • 25% of those without an advisor plan to see investment advice within the year.
  • 74% trust their advisors, up from 61% in 2009.
  • 41% of investors describe themselves as conservative, up from 22% in 2009.
  • 42% of the portfolios of investors under age 45 is in cash or cash equivalents, such as CDs, savings accounts or money market accounts.
  • 58% are focused on protecting principal.
  • 39% are focused on long-term growth.
  • 29% are focused on short-term gains.
  • 19% are “very confident” of reaching their financial and retirement goals.
  • 84% of those not very confident are “uncertain about where things are going.”
  • 90% of those not very confident are most worried about retiring comfortably.
  • 68% of those not very confident are worried about maintaining a comfortable lifestyle.
  • 57% of those not very confident are concerned about leaving a legacy.
  • 37% of those not very confident are concerned about funding a child’s education.
  • 24% of investors who have with contact with advisor only once a year or less are very satisfied with the relationship.
  • 63% of investors with more frequent contact with advisor are very satisfied with relationship.  

The study sampled 1,290 individuals with affluent households ($100K+ investable assets, excluding real estate and workplace retirement plans) — including 15% with investable assets in excess of $1 million. The data is weighted to reflect the U.S. population of $100K+ investors, based on the 2007 Survey of Consumer Finance.

The study has a margin of error of +/- 2.5 percent. Rebuilding Investor Trust details specific action steps required by an institution to rebuild trust with its customer base. For more details, or to purchase the complete study, please email Suzanne Leff at [email protected].

An Advisor’s Perspective

Antoine Orr is president of Plancorr Wealth Management LLC in Greenbelt, Maryland. A native of Edmonton, Canada, he worked at Waddell & Reed, MassMutual, and elsewhere before starting his own registered investment advisory firm. He is author of Inside the Huddle (Frostbite Publishing, 2009), a personal retirement planning guide. Instead of charging an ongoing management fee, he charges primarily by the service or by the hour. He spoke with RIJ this week: 

“Among my clients, there’s about a 60/40 split between blacks and whites. I work with a lot of government employees—people who been have fastidious about putting over and above the match into their retirement accounts, who contribute as much as 10 or 15% of their pay. But I find that, regardless of background, some people are well prepared for retirement and others not so much. Even some of the doctors who come in are on both sides of that fence.

“I went to an Easter event a few days ago, and met an African-American guy, 55 years old, former military, who intends to retire in 10 years. He said, ‘I have $300,000 in my retirement account and I’ve been saving for 30 years. If I continue to put money in the stock market, will I have enough money to retire? Should I keep feeding this beast?’—meaning the stock market.

“My reaction: I focus on the tax-free end. Municipal bonds, cash value whole life, Roth IRAs. I show people how to pay down debt. Some folks are in pretty dire shape, although that’s few and far between. They might have been putting money in the wrong vehicles. But they had done what they were told to do.  Now they want to find the best thing to do. They wonder where they can go to accomplish the same goal but without taking as much risk. Most of my clients are already dealing with a financial planner, but when they come to me, they hear a different version. That gets their attention.

“I tell them about the Triad of Doom: Debt, Taxes, and Inflation. I say, let’s do tax management, then debt, then insurance and savings, then retirement planning, then investments and risk. From a tax standpoint, I say, consider putting money into qualified plans. In retirement, you spend that down first, then move to the capital gains accounts, then spend down the last ladder of assets—the Roth IRA, the municipal bonds, and the cash value life insurance.

“In terms of investments, I say, Look at where insurance companies put their money. They put five or six percent into stocks and the rest into bonds. Why? Because they have future claims liabilities. The money has got to be there—so why take all that risk? If they say, but I’m investing for the long term, I ask, How long is long term? How long does it take for stocks to outperform all other asset classes? They usually say, 10 years. I say, Really? It actually takes in excess of 26 years. If your time horizon is less than 26 years, you’re not investing for the long term.

“Are African Americans distrustful of financial institutions? That’s across the board. Whether it goes back to the Freedman’s Bank and Frederick Douglass days, I don’t know. Look—at this point in time, we’ve all been sold a bill of goods. We’re told, buy a house, invest, and have good credit. But to buy a house you have to go into debt. To invest, you have to gamble, and to have good credit you have to have a history of gambling. That works fine for the high-net-worth people. They can ride the wave. But the average American can’t play that game. One hiccup and they’re done. They’re wiped out. So it’s up to us to use common sense. That would be my take.

“I shift the focus from becoming wealthy to becoming financially independent. I was at the 2011 Color of Wealth Policy Summit two weeks ago, and we were talking about the racial wealth gap. They’re still saying that the way to build wealth is to buy a house and leverage it. I said, you’re telling me to borrow my way into wealth? I don’t understand that. If you really want to be financially independent, you have to know how to stick to a budget, how to keep debt low, how to save, how to have proper insurance, and how to set aside money into retirement planning vehicles. Then you can go out and invest what you can afford to lose. That’s the sensible process for 95% of the country. As far as distrust goes, it’s not just the African American community. I have Caucasian clients who have the same concerns. When they hear what I have to say, they say, ‘This makes sense to me intuitively. I’m not waiting on the pie-in-the-sky.’

“As far as there being a lot of financial stuff going on in the African-American churches, that’s true. The churches, unfortunately, have been a breeding ground for ‘prosperity preaching.’ But that’s true for non African-American churches too.  When it comes to giving money to needy family members—that happens on both sides too. It’s the women who give, black and white, because of their nurturing side. They are willing to sacrifice for others. Men are more likely to say to their relatives, ‘You can work. There’s nothing wrong with you.’ But women keep that lifeline open with their sisters, their children, their cousins, and their close friends. The assumption is, ‘If I do it for you, you’ll do it for me.’

“But African Americans are not vastly at odds with the mainstream. There are African Americans with money everywhere. I have a friend who works in government. She’s a G8, with a salary of about $50,000. To pass her on the street, you wouldn’t think she had two nickels to rub together. But she and her husband have over $1 million in savings. A man I know who works for an IT firm who has $300,000. I know African American doctors with $500,000 in variable annuities. They may not have $45 or $50 million, but there’s a lot of wealth. African American wealth is more abundant than people think.”

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

A Scholar’s Perspective

Wilhelmina A. Leigh, Ph.D., a senior research associate at the Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies in Washington, D.C., recently wrote “African Americans and Social Security: A Primer.” A graduate of Cornell and Johns Hopkins, she has taught at Harvard, Howard, Georgetown and the University of Virginia. She spoke with RIJ about policies that might help African Americans, and about her own financial life: 

“Part of the gap in savings comes from the fact that African Americans tend to have a spottier employment records and are more apt to have been out of the workforce. For that reason, and for a variety of other reasons, we need to look for solutions that can help them save for retirement but that are not necessarily tied to being in the workplace. The universal IRA, which everyone can have, can do that. If you’re not employed, you can still put something into it.

“We’re also looking at some of the issues in the Social Security system. Among African Americans, more women than men say that it will be an important source of income for them in retirement. In 1935, when the system was created, the man was the primary wage earner. That model still determines the nature of the system, but it puts African American women at a disadvantage in terms of getting benefits that are high enough keep them above the poverty line.

“For people who believe that they can make their fortune as entrepreneurs, there might be ways to stimulate that—ways to put resources into programs that make that an option for them. Some states currently allow people who are employed to leave their job and get unemployment benefits as long as they are going to school to acquire skills to help them start their own businesses.

“In terms of what they’re willing to invest in, African Americans tend to be more conservative. They would be less likely to go into stocks and high-growth investments and more likely to be interested in owning rental property or small businesses. I don’t know a lot of high-wealth African Americans, but I think there are differences in the way they choose to acquire wealth. I’m thinking about Bob Johnson, who started the BET [Black Entertainment Television] network. He bought a lot of businesses, built them up, and sold them at a profit.

“Wealthy African Americans are often the first members of their families to make it out of their previous circumstances. They often have lots of relatives calling them up for assistance, and they feel obligated to help. In my own case, I’ve had several different jobs.

“Something that struck me during our panel discussion [on April 12 in New York, when Prudential unveiled its whitepaper on the African-American Financial Experience] was the comment that African Americans have to change their values and not feel that they have to have the latest this or that.

“But if you’re a low-income person, a person who is unbanked and who goes to the post office every month to pay their bills with money orders, then you probably have very low self-esteem. Your prospects for ever being anything but low-income may not be great. Buying a big-screen TV might be something you aspire to. It might satisfy your need to improve your quality of life. I believe that, to a point, you have to let people get that out of their systems.

 “I’ve been in the government sector and the 403(b) sector. I’ve had money in TIAA-CREF. About four or five years ago I realized I needed to rationalize it all, so now most of it is in a rollover IRA. The [TIAA-CREF] annuity money is in a separate pot.

“I’m about half in bonds and half in stocks. I try to be conscientious about rebalancing once a year. At the moment, I’m working with a company—I’d rather not say their name—where I can call up and, if I have questions, I can get access to a certified financial planner. I’m a hands-on person. I wouldn’t say to someone, ‘Here, take all of my life savings.’ And, given the ups and downs that we’ve seen in the markets, I would be very mad at someone else if they had put me in stocks in and not warned me that the crash was coming. I once worked with a CFP who advised me to take my money out of CDs and roll them into the market. If I had done that, and lost my money, I could never speak to that man again. 

“I grew up without a whole lot of things. My parents were born during the Depression. They both worked their way through college. They raised their family in a very frugal sort of manner. They said, ‘Don’t spend it if you don’t have it.’ That was the conscious and subconscious message. It worked out well for some of their offspring and not as well for others. I grew up with the idea that I don’t ever want to be without or have a need—a money need—that I can’t meet. Having that kind of need is what makes people steal food from the grocery.

“One advantage we had was that no one in our family was mathphobic. Many people who are mathphobic would just as soon through up their hands say, ‘It just won’t work out for you.’ We were ready to tackle whatever the problem was.

 “When I lived in Boston, people routinely assumed I wasn’t born in the United States. In New York, people assumed I was from the Caribbean. It wasn’t so much my looks as my attitude. I found that fascinating. Maybe they had never been exposed to African Americans who grew up in families like mine, with strong aspirations.  

“My father’s family is still in Georgia. But he moved away at 17 or 18 and wasn’t in touch very much. We grew up without knowing a lot of our cousins. But staying in touch can mean that you carry the full weight of the whole family’s burdens. It’s why some people have to get away. If you’re not living around it, and not dealing with it every day, then it doesn’t weigh you down.

“There’s as much variability among African Americans as there is within any ethnic group. It’s not as if African Americans were a different species. They are over-represented among lower income populations, but that’s where their distinctiveness stops.”

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

Understanding the Black Investor

Beyoncé Knowles, Oprah Winfrey, Shaquille O’Neal—the wealth of these black celebrities tells us about as much about the financial lives of African Americans as the wealth of white tycoons like Warren Buffett or Eli Broad tells us about the finances of the average white person.

Not much, that is. Race-based opinion polls and academic studies don’t render a complete or vivid picture either. Surveys tend to produce averages, and averages can be misleading. But survey results, statistics and averages are sometimes the only concrete data we’ve got. 

Recently, several research studies have focused on the financial attitudes and well-being of black Americans. African Americans, these studies suggest, have relatively less money, are more oriented toward saving than investing, and are even more suspicious of financial institutions than the average American.

But the research also shows that African Americans have the same aspirations to wealth, and the anxieties about growing old without it, as everybody else. Hit even harder by the Great Recession than most Americans, they need financial guidance and financial products. They represent a potential opportunity for financial service providers who take the time to understand their values and earn their trust.       

A savings gap

Americans overall are under-saved for retirement. For African Americans, the picture is bleaker. For a variety of complex reasons—unemployment, a high incidence of single-parent households, lower average pay, higher risk-aversion—they lag the general population in ownership of investments and retirement accounts.     

For instance, a recent survey report by Prudential Research, “The African American Financial Experience,” showed, for instance, that African Americans were less likely than the general population to own individual stocks and bonds (32% vs. 43%), mutual funds (31% vs. 41%), IRAs (35% vs. 52%), or to have an estate plan, will or trust (19% vs. 26%). The results, released April 12, were based on a survey of 1,500 African Americans ages 25 to 70 with incomes of $25,000 or more.

“While African Americans are quite confident in their ability to meet their financial goals, they also tend to hold fewer financial products, invest more conservatively, lack relationships with financial professionals, and be more likely to borrow from their company retirement plans,” the Prudential report said.

That survey pretty much confirmed what others had already found. In 2009, according to Retirement Savings Behavior and Expectations of African Americans, 1998 and 2009, a report by Wilhelmina A. Leigh, Ph.D., and Anna Wheatley of the Washington-based Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies: 

• 51% of African Americans but 72% of whites report having money in savings accounts, certificates of deposit, or money market accounts

• 28% of African Americans but 47% of whites report having money invested in an Individual Retirement Account (IRA) or Keogh plan.

• 27% of African Americans but 49% of whites reported owning stocks or mutual fund shares.

• 17% of African Americans but 27% of whites reported owning bonds.

African Americans also lag in the use of 401(k) plans. While race itself is not necessarily a factor in the successful use of 401(k) plans, according to a 2009 research brief, “(401(k) Plans and Race,” issued by the Center for Retirement Research at Boston College:

“African Americans and Hispanics are still less likely to have the kinds of jobs in which participation in a 401(k) plan is possible; they are less likely to have the earnings, job tenure, and other factors that would cause them to participate in a plan; and, once in a plan, they are less likely to have the taste for saving that would result in a high contribution rate.”

When it comes to pensions, many African American households have them, but less commonly than white households do, according to Income of the Population 55 and older 2008, published in April 2010. In 2008, for instance, about 10.6 million white households but only 860,000 African American households received employer pensions.

To put that in perspective: non-Hispanic white Americans outnumber African Americans 5 to 1 but there are 12 times as many white pension recipients as black pension recipients. The median pension for both groups was $12,000, but white households were slightly more likely to have pensions of $25,000 or more a year (24.1% vs. 22.3%).

In the case of government employee pensions, 3.6 million white households and 328,000 black households receive them. The media government pension was $19,200 for whites and $18,000 for blacks. About 38% of whites’ pensions and 34.1% of black’s pensions exceed $25,000 a year. 

For many African Americans—and for many white Americans—the first step toward saving for retirement will be getting out of debt. But that’s a topic for another article.    

Less trust and smaller risk appetite  

Trust of financial services companies runs fairly shallow in America. For black Americans, it’s been said that mistrust of financial institutions and financial products is especially strong, perhaps extenings as far back as the failure of the “Freedman’s Bank”—the Freedman’s Savings and Trust Company—which cost tens of thousands of African American depositors their savings in 1874.

The trust level isn’t much higher today. “Although the majority [of African Americans] say they want financial advice, concerns about finding ‘a qualified professional they can trust and relate to’ prevent many from hiring an advisor,” said the Prudential Research report. “In fact, 58% agreed with the statement, ‘I would like advice on saving and planning for retirement, but I don’t know or can’t find a professional I can trust.’” 

Church leaders and “financial ministries” are more popular. Instead of going to financial advisors, to a wirehouse broker, or to the phone reps of a direct marketer, African Americans are much more likely to turn to institutions they trust—their churches—for financial advice and inspiration. According to Prudential, “Nearly half (47%) of African American decision makers are interested in learning about investments through a faith- based organization.”

Perhaps because they’ve been burned by financial services companies, or perhaps because they can’t afford to take risk, African Americans in general shy away from risky investments. The financial crisis has apparently made that situation worse.

“Fear of losing their jobs and homes because of the financial crisis may have exacerbated an existing tendency toward risk aversion,” said the Prudential report. “Two-thirds of African Americans surveyed revealed they do not enjoy investing and describe themselves as savers. Some revealed skepticism about the idea of investing.”

The conservativeness of African American investors, in fact, was pointed out over a decade ago in a 2000 article in Financial Services Review called, “Financial services and the African-American market: what every financial planner should know”. Business professors D. Anthony Platha and Thomas H. Stevenson of the University of North Carolina-Charlotte wrote:

 “At all income, education, and age levels, however, African-American households invest a smaller percentage of their portfolios in the form of mutual funds, brokerage accounts, and outright equity purchases than Caucasian households. In addition, Black households demonstrate a distinct preference for safety and security in their investment preferences, favoring life insurance and real estate assets over corporate debt and equity securities across all levels of household income and educational attainment.”

In 1999, the same journal published a paper by three Ohio State University professors called, “Racial differences in investor decision making.” It said:

“Black households report a lower willingness to take financial risks and have a shorter investment horizon compared to White households. A significantly higher proportion of Black households (60%) than White households (42%) report they are not willing to take any risk. Similar proportions of Black and White households are willing to take substantial financial risk… Of households reporting that they are willing to take risk, 58% own risky assets, compared to only 24% of households not willing to take risk.”

The same anxieties, only more so

As of December 2010, the official unemployment rate for whites was 8.5%, and the public was outraged. But the unemployment rate for blacks, at 15.8%, was almost double that of whites. African Americans, as much or more than other Americans, have reason to worry about their financial security, today and in retirement. 

“African Americans (45%) are more likely than whites (37%) to say they are not too confident or not at all confident that they will have enough money to live comfortably throughout retirement” and while “more than half (almost 54%) of African Americans are very or somewhat confident that they will have enough money to live comfortably throughout retirement, they were less likely than white Americans (61%) to have this level of confidence,” according to the study by Wilhelmina Leigh cited above.

Shrinkage of the public sector workforce is especially threatening to African Americans, about 20% of whom work in the public sector. Blacks are “30% more likely than the overall workforce to work… as teachers social workers, bus drivers, public health inspectors,” according to State of the Dream 2011, a study by United for a Fair Economy, a Boston-based advocacy group. As of last September, according to the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, 17.5% of the 2.06 million-member non-postal civilian federal workforce was African-American.

Any talk about ending Social Security or reducing the full retirement age is likely to make black Americans particularly nervous. While their average benefits are lower than whites’, they are more likely to rely on Social Security for all or part of their retirement income.

In African-Americans and Social Security: A Primer, a study sponsored by AARP and published last February by the Washington-based Joint Center for Political and Economic Studies, Wilhelmina Leigh found that the average monthly Social Security retirement benefit received by African American men in 2008 was $1,109.30; for African American women it was $945.50. The average monthly retirement benefit for white men was $1,333.80; for white women it was $1,014.50.

At the same time, than a third of African-Americans expect Social Security to be their main source of income in retirement and about 40% of black Americans over age 65 rely on Social Security as their only source of retirement income, according to Leigh.

Yet fewer blacks than whites live to collect Social Security. Nearly three of every four white beneficiaries (74%), but only about half of black beneficiaries (55%), receive Social Security retirement benefits. That’s partly because African Americans born in 1950 had about six fewer years of life expectancy at birth than whites, and partly because African Americans are more likely to use disability benefits or survivor benefits instead.

A plausible market?

So should a financial services company invest the time and money that it will take to understand and gain the trust of the black community? For Prudential, it was a no-brainer to sponsor The African-American Financial Experience.

As a 401(k) provider, Prudential works with plan sponsors all over the world, many of whom have large numbers of African American participants. Understanding the habits, values and needs of those participants helps plan sponsors target education programs toward certain behaviors and helps Prudential train call center personnel. Ultimately, it helps the plan retain and increase assets, helps Prudential keeps retain assets under management, and helps the participant arrive at retirement better prepared.

“We understand that there’s a need out there for a greater understanding for what’s driving participant behavior. We’ve done similar studies on Hispanics and Asians. This allows our Retirement division to put together more targeted communications. One size doesn’t fit all,” said Michael Knowling, regional vice president, Prudential Retirement.

“With this study, we learned that African Americans are tapping into their 401(k) plans more than others to pay off loans,” he added. “We also know that they’re saving very conservatively, and in some cases not saving enough. We can work on custom education materials to preserve their retirement plan assets for retirement. If our call center receives a call about a loan or withdrawal, we can guide the caller through other options. Eighty-two percent of people surveyed say it’s critical to have enough money for retirement, but only 32% say they’re confident they’ll have enough.”

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

More info on New York Life’s DIA Emerges

Wearing a reversed, Army-green fatigue hat, a chalk-striped suit and open-collar shirt, Dylan Huang cut an unconventional figure during his presentation at the LIMRA Retirement Industry conference in Las Vegas last week.

But the young New York Life vice president had unconventional news to share about the deferred income annuity (DIA) that his company intends to marketing in 3Q 2011, and which a few news outlets have sketchily reported.

The product is a deferred income annuity that would be purchased at a discount perhaps 10 years before retirement to fund lifetime income at retirement. Huang said the currently envisioned product would pay out about 13%—the number is presumably a projection —of the beginning premium after 10 years. That’s roughly double what an immediate income annuity pays today for a 65-year-old male.

Such a product could be purchased with a series of premiums, he said, for interest-rate diversification. A single income stream would begin at an appointed date. All of the income would be for-life, he said. The product apparently won’t be designed for bucket methods that create income for discrete time-segments during retirement.

The product is distinct from the little-used DIAs that are known as longevity insurance and which are typically purchased at retirement to provide income for life starting at age 80 or 85. MetLife and PIMCO are currently co-marketing MetLife longevity insurance to be used in conjunction with PIMCO’s 10-year and 20-year TIPS payout funds. 

In response to a question, Huang said that Income Enhancement Option on New York Life’s existing single premium immediate annuity is under review and that the company would like to make it more flexible.

The option allows an increase in the payout rate if the 10-year Constant Maturity Treasury Index in the third full week of the calendar month immediately preceding the fifth policy anniversary is at least two percentage points higher than the 10-Year CMT Index in the third full week of the calendar month immediately preceding the policy date. The higher income benefit would begin on the first scheduled payment after the fifth policy anniversary.

© 2011 RIJ Publishing LLC. All rights reserved.

The Bucket

AXA Equitable launches “Virtual Consultation Calculators”

AXA Equitable Life now offers “video calculators” featuring licensed and experienced financial consultants who help guide individuals through the process of determining how long their retirement savings may last or how much life insurance coverage they may need to protect their families’ future, the company said in a release.

The video calculators, unique to AXA Equitable, provide users with an interactive experience where they receive virtual consultations. Financial consultant David Tornetto offers individuals guidance on estimating how savings may grow until retirement and how withdrawals may impact savings during retirement.

Financial consultant Char Gransta navigates users through a process to assess how much life insurance they may need to replace their income. Combined, these two financial professionals have more than 40 years of experience helping people define and work toward their financial goals.

“Our video calculators provide people with more than just a figure of how much money they might need for a particular life event,” said Andrew McMahon, president of AXA Equitable Life Insurance Company. “These calculators, featuring real financial professionals, simulate what they can expect in an initial conversation with a financial consultant.

“Planning for your retirement, assessing your family’s readiness in the event of death, even just meeting with a financial consultant for the first time – these can all be daunting tasks,” McMahon said. “The virtual consultation can help people get more comfortable, be better prepared when actually meeting with a financial professional for the first time, and hopefully get more out of the meeting in terms of deciding next steps.”

If a user has a question or needs more information about a particular term or topic, he or she simply clicks on a button and the financial consultant explains the topic and provides guidance in greater detail.

“Studies have shown that people spend more time planning for a one-week vacation than they do planning for retirement,” said Connie O’Brien, senior vice president of Internet Strategy and Design for AXA Equitable. “We recently tested this in one of our Retirement Reality Series person-on-the-street interviews and found solid evidence to support the theory. We created the video calculators to make it easier for people to take the first step toward planning for the future. With the Web technology available today, we can provide customers with a new level of resources to help them make more informed decisions at their pace and in a way that is comfortable and convenient for them.”

The video calculators and virtual consultations are available at www.axa-equitable.com.

Prudential Retirement Hits $20 billion in New Third-Party Stable Value Sales

After less than two years after entering the third-party stable value business, Prudential Retirement has surpassed $20 billion in sales, the unit of Prudential Financial said in a release.

Account values have jumped 60% since January, when the business reached more than $12.5 billion in third-party stable value assets for a variety of institutional investment-only clients.

Prudential said its entry into the third-party stable value business in the second quarter of 2009 was fueled in large part to help provide plan sponsors with new options to give plan participants the potential to protect their assets against volatility following the financial crisis of 2008-2009. 

Jeffrey Keller joins MassMutual’s retirement plan sales team

MassMutual’s Retirement Services Division, which set a division sales record in 2010, has hired Jeffrey Keller as a new managing director in its southeast region and will add three new sales support roles in the New York, New England and Michigan territories. MassMutual plans to add further to its sales team later this year, the company said in a release.

Jeffrey Keller has been appointed a managing director for MassMutual effective March 28, covering Georgia, Florida, Alabama and Puerto Rico. He joined MassMutual from New York Life where he spent 13 years in a variety of key sales and marketing leadership roles. Keller most recently served as managing director and head of New York Life’s defined contribution investment only business.

Stan Label, national sales manager for First Mercantile Trust Company (First Mercantile), has announced his plans to retire at the end of April after more than 40 years in the retirement plan business. Label also served on the MassMutual Retirement Services sales management team for 11 years.

Upon Label’s retirement at the end of this month, members of his sales team will report to the regional managers in their respective territories in alignment with the company’s local team philosophy.  

Americans are taking the longer view: Northwestern Mutual   

Americans prefer choices that deliver higher quality, long-term growth and guarantees versus options that are cheaper and faster in the short term, but may be higher risk or deliver less return over the long term, according to a poll conducted by Harris Interactive for Northwestern Mutual.  

The survey of more than 2,000 Americans asked respondents to choose their preference in a series of tradeoffs, including:

  • Trade-off for growth: When asked if an immediate one-time bonus would be preferable to a smaller raise in salary, eighty-seven percent (87%) of those polled indicated they would forgo the bonus and prefer the smaller raise that would end up being more than the bonus in the long term. Only 13% indicated they would choose a one-time bonus.
  • Trade-off for guarantees: When comparing the potential for a large reward with low odds to a smaller guaranteed reward, 83% of people would take the smaller yet guaranteed reward. Only 17% will risk the lower odds of a larger reward.
  • Trade-off for quality: According to the poll, people are prepared to pay a premium for products that hold up over the long-term (82%) versus spending less now for products that are lower quality and need to be replaced sooner (18%).

The survey was conducted online from March 30-April 11, 2011 among 2,159 American adults ages 18 and older.  

Investigation of AIG bailout urged by advocacy group

The Derivative Project, a Minnesota-based non-partisan, taxpayer advocacy organization, has asked Rep. Michelle Bachmann (R, MN) for an immediate House Oversight Committee investigation of all U.S. taxpayer payments to AIG commencing in fiscal year 2008.

The organization is requesting this investigation be completed in conjunction with Bachmann’s legislation, sponsored in January 2011, to repeal the Dodd-Frank financial reform bill.

The Derivative Project requested of Congresswoman Bachmann in this memorandum, the following investigation:

  • What legislation does The Tea Party Caucus and House Republicans propose to prevent taxpayer dollars from being used in the future to fund speculative positions by an end user, like AIG, or other financial institutions if Dodd-Frank is repealed?
  • Are there substantive issues for House Oversight Committee investigation of unequal enforcement of U.S. financial contract law, where U.S. individuals are imprisoned for breach of a financial contract and U.S. corporations and its representatives are allowed a “stupidity” defense, when there is a preponderance of evidence the corporate financial contracts are fraudulent?
  • The Tea Party Caucus and the House Republicans launch a complete House Oversight Investigation of the use of taxpayer dollars to fund collateral call payments to Goldman Sachs and other AIG counterparties during the most recent financial crisis, specifically why these financial contracts were not deemed fraudulent between AIG and Goldman Sachs and unwound in an orderly fashion.
  • The Tea Party Caucus and the House Republicans request a ruling from Attorney General Eric Holder on why the financial contracts between AIG and Goldman Sachs were not deemed fraudulent and a constitutional misuse of taxpayer dollars by the U.S. Department of Treasury headed by then Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, who had a material conflict of interest in proposing this use of $180 billion of U.S. taxpayer dollars since he had been a partner of Goldman Sachs.  Should the U.S. Treasury Secretary have recused himself from the recommendation that U.S. taxpayers fund collateral call payments from AIG to Goldman Sachs?
  • The Tea Party Caucus and the House Republicans investigate if the $50 billion in taxpayer funds funneled to several banks for AIG collateral payments on derivative financial contract positions should be refunded by the banks to the U.S. taxpayer.

The Derivative Project is a non-partisan, Minnesota – based taxpayer advocacy organization that seeks to ensure the long-term stability of the U.S. economy through equitable enforcement, for both individuals and corporations, of financial laws and regulations.

The full text of the group’s letter to Bachmann will be made available at The Derivative Project’s website, www.thederivativeproject.com and Blog, blog.thederivativeproject.com.


Equity funds see outflows in March: Morningstar

The pace of inflows into long-term mutual funds slowed slightly to $27.0 billion in March from approximately $27.9 billion in February, due largely to a reversal in U.S. stock flows, according to Morningstar, Inc.

Equities saw outflows of $934 million in March after taking in roughly $26.1 billion combined in January and February.

Inflows for U.S. ETFs rose to $7.4 billion in March after reaching $6.6 billion in February despite outflows of $3.3 billion from U.S. stock ETFs, which typically drive industry inflows.

Americans have increased their investments in passive emerging-market ETFs. Six years ago, actively managed open-end mutual funds and ETFs comprised 79% of diversified emerging-markets assets, but today make up 53%, Morningstar said.

Additional highlights from Morningstar’s report on mutual fund flows:

  • Bank-loan funds, with inflows of $4.3 billion, drove the $18.0 billion that flowed into taxable-bond funds in March. Total category assets for bank-loan funds have reached $59.8 billion, surpassing the $41.2 billion peak reached in June 2007 by nearly 50%.
  • Among U.S. stock funds, large-cap offerings lost about $3.2 billion across the value, blend, and growth categories, while small-cap funds enjoyed modest inflows of $791 million. However, investor preference for small-cap offerings hasn’t held with international-stock funds, where large-caps acquired $3.6 billion in new assets versus just $306 million for small-caps in March.
  • Municipal-bond fund outflows slowed for a third consecutive month, with less than $2.6 billion in March redemptions. Still, roughly $40.4 billion has vacated muni-bond funds over the last five months, which represents 7.8% of beginning total assets.
  • Demand for alternative and commodity funds remained steady with $1.1 and $1.8 billion in March inflows, respectively. Money market funds saw outflows of $12.5 billion in March after inflows of $16.7 billion in February.

Additional highlights from Morningstar’s report on ETF flows:

  • Outflows from large-blend and large-growth ETFs accounted for most of the outflows from U.S. stock ETFs, as these categories lost $6.2 billion and $963 million, respectively. However, several categories in the asset class, including equity energy, natural resources, consumer discretionary, and consumer staples, saw inflows.
  • After beginning the year with two consecutive months of outflows, international-stock ETFs saw inflows of $6.7 billion in March.
  • Taxable-bond ETFs collected assets of $3.1 billion during the month, making a notable contribution to aggregate ETF inflows in March for the first time in seven months.

To view the complete report, please visit http://www.global.morningstar.com/marchflows11. For more information about Morningstar Fund Flows, please visit http://global.morningstar.com/fundflows.